Methods

This page contains a listing of all available techniques in PyPalmSens.

For example to set up a CV experiment:

import pypalmsens

method = pypalmsens.CyclicVoltammetry(
    begin_potential = -1,
    vertex1_potential = -1,
    vertex2_potential = 1,
    step_potential = 0.25,
    scanrate = 5,
    n_scans = 2,
    current_range = pypalmsens.settings.CurrentRange(
        max = pypalmsens.settings.CURRENT_RANGE.cr_1_mA,
        min = pypalmsens.settings.CURRENT_RANGE.cr_100_nA,
        start = pypalmsens.settings.CURRENT_RANGE.cr_100_uA,
    ),
)
Shared settings

Many configuration settings are shared between methods, like the current ranges above or versus OCP or trigger settings. These are listed in Method settings.

pypalmsens

Classes:

ChronoAmperometry

Create chrono amperometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

bipot

bipot: BiPot = attrs.field(factory=BiPot)

Set the bipot settings

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

current_limits

current_limits: CurrentLimits = attrs.field(factory=CurrentLimits)

Set the current limit settings.

charge_limits

charge_limits: ChargeLimits = attrs.field(factory=ChargeLimits)

Set the charge limit settings

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

interval_time

interval_time: float = 0.1

Interval time in s.

potential

potential: float = 0.0

Potential in V.

run_time

run_time: float = 1.0

Run time in s.

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

ChronoPotentiometry

Create potentiometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

potential_range

potential_range: PotentialRange = attrs.field(factory=PotentialRange, converter=potential_converter)

Set the autoranging potential.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

potential_limits

potential_limits: PotentialLimits = attrs.field(factory=PotentialLimits)

Set the potential limit settings

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

current

current: float = 0.0

The current to apply in the given current range.

Note that this value acts as a multiplier in the applied current range.

So if 10 uA is the applied current range and 1.5 is given as current value, the applied current will be 15 uA.

applied_current_range

applied_current_range: CURRENT_RANGE = CURRENT_RANGE.cr_100_uA

Applied current range.

Use CURRENT_RANGE to define the range.

interval_time

interval_time: float = 0.1

Interval time in s (default: 0.1)

run_time

run_time: float = 1.0

Run time in s (default: 1.0)

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_current

record_we_current: bool = False

Record working electrode current.

CyclicVoltammetry

Create cyclic voltammetry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

current_limits

current_limits: CurrentLimits = attrs.field(factory=CurrentLimits)

Set the current limit settings.

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s

begin_potential

begin_potential: float = -0.5

Begin potential in V

vertex1_potential

vertex1_potential: float = 0.5

Vertex 1 potential in V

vertex2_potential

vertex2_potential: float = -0.5

Vertex 2 potential in V

step_potential

step_potential: float = 0.1

Step potential in V

scanrate

scanrate: float = 1.0

Scan rate in V/s

n_scans

n_scans: float = 1

Number of scans

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

DifferentialPulseVoltammetry

Create square wave method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

bipot

bipot: BiPot = attrs.field(factory=BiPot)

Set the bipot settings

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

begin_potential

begin_potential: float = -0.5

Begin potential in V.

end_potential

end_potential: float = 0.5

End potential in V.

step_potential

step_potential: float = 0.1

Step potential in V.

pulse_potential

pulse_potential: float = 0.05

Pulse potential in V.

pulse_time

pulse_time: float = 0.01

Pulse time in s.

scan_rate

scan_rate: float = 1.0

Scan rate (potential/time) in V/s.

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

ElectrochemicalImpedanceSpectroscopy

Create potentiometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

potential_range

potential_range: PotentialRange = attrs.field(factory=PotentialRange, converter=potential_converter)

Set the autoranging potential.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

dc_potential

dc_potential: float = 0.0

DC potential in V.

ac_potential

ac_potential: float = 0.01

AC potential in V RMS.

n_frequencies

n_frequencies: int = 11

Number of frequencies.

max_frequency

max_frequency: float = 100000.0

Maximum frequency in Hz.

min_frequency

min_frequency: float = 1000.0

Minimum frequency in Hz.

GalvanostaticImpedanceSpectroscopy

Create potentiometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

potential_range

potential_range: PotentialRange = attrs.field(factory=PotentialRange, converter=potential_converter)

Set the autoranging potential.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

applied_current_range

applied_current_range: CURRENT_RANGE = CURRENT_RANGE.cr_100_uA

Applied current range.

Use CURRENT_RANGE to define the range.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

ac_current

ac_current: float = 0.01

AC current in applied current range RMS.

dc_current

dc_current: float = 0.0

DC current in applied current range.

n_frequencies

n_frequencies: int = 11

Number of frequencies.

max_frequency

max_frequency: float = 100000.0

Maximum frequency in Hz.

min_frequency

min_frequency: float = 1000.0

Minimum frequency in Hz.

LinearSweepVoltammetry

Create linear sweep method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

bipot

bipot: BiPot = attrs.field(factory=BiPot)

Set the bipot settings

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

current_limits

current_limits: CurrentLimits = attrs.field(factory=CurrentLimits)

Set the current limit settings.

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

begin_potential

begin_potential: float = -0.5

Begin potential in V.

end_potential

end_potential: float = 0.5

End potential in V.

step_potential

step_potential: float = 0.1

Step potential in V.

scanrate

scanrate: float = 1.0

Scan rate in V/s.

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

MethodScript

Create a method script sandbox object.

Attributes:

script

script: str = 'e\nwait 100m\nif 1 < 2\n    send_string "Hello world"\nendif\n\n'

Script to run.

For more info on MethodSCRIPT, see: https://www.palmsens.com/methodscript/ for more information.

MultiStepAmperometry

Create multi-step amperometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

bipot

bipot: BiPot = attrs.field(factory=BiPot)

Set the bipot settings

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

current_limits

current_limits: CurrentLimits = attrs.field(factory=CurrentLimits)

Set the current limit settings.

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

interval_time

interval_time: float = 0.1

Interval time in s.

n_cycles

n_cycles: float = 1

Number of cycles.

levels

levels: list[ELevel] = attrs.field(factory=(lambda: [ELevel()]))

List of levels.

Use ELevel() to create levels.

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

OpenCircuitPotentiometry

Create open circuit potentiometry method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

potential_range

potential_range: PotentialRange = attrs.field(factory=PotentialRange, converter=potential_converter)

Set the autoranging potential.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

potential_limits

potential_limits: PotentialLimits = attrs.field(factory=PotentialLimits)

Set the potential limit settings

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

interval_time

interval_time: float = 0.1

Interval time in s.

run_time

run_time: float = 1.0

Run time in s.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_we_current

record_we_current: bool = False

Record working electrode current.

record_we_current_range

record_we_current_range: CURRENT_RANGE = CURRENT_RANGE.cr_1_uA

Record working electrode current range.

Use CURRENT_RANGE to define the range.

SquareWaveVoltammetry

Create square wave method parameters.

Attributes:

current_range

current_range: CurrentRange = attrs.field(factory=CurrentRange, converter=current_converter)

Set the autoranging current.

pretreatment

pretreatment: Pretreatment = attrs.field(factory=Pretreatment)

Set the pretreatment settings.

versus_ocp

versus_ocp: VersusOCP = attrs.field(factory=VersusOCP)

Set the versus OCP settings.

bipot

bipot: BiPot = attrs.field(factory=BiPot)

Set the bipot settings

post_measurement

post_measurement: PostMeasurement = attrs.field(factory=PostMeasurement)

Set the post measurement settings.

ir_drop_compensation

ir_drop_compensation: IrDropCompensation = attrs.field(factory=IrDropCompensation)

Set the iR drop compensation settings.

equilibrion_triggers

equilibrion_triggers: EquilibrationTriggers = attrs.field(factory=EquilibrationTriggers)

Set the trigger at equilibration settings.

measurement_triggers

measurement_triggers: MeasurementTriggers = attrs.field(factory=MeasurementTriggers)

Set the trigger at measurement settings.

multiplexer

multiplexer: Multiplexer = attrs.field(factory=Multiplexer)

Set the multiplexer settings

data_processing

data_processing: DataProcessing = attrs.field(factory=DataProcessing)

Set the data processing settings.

general

general: General = attrs.field(factory=General)

Sets general/other settings.

equilibration_time

equilibration_time: float = 0.0

Equilibration time in s.

begin_potential

begin_potential: float = -0.5

Begin potential in V.

end_potential

end_potential: float = 0.5

End potential in V.

step_potential

step_potential: float = 0.1

Step potential in V.

frequency

frequency: float = 10.0

Frequency in Hz.

amplitude

amplitude: float = 0.05

Amplitude in V as half peak-to-peak value.

enable_bipot_current

enable_bipot_current: bool = False

Enable bipot current.

record_auxiliary_input

record_auxiliary_input: bool = False

Record auxiliary input.

record_cell_potential

record_cell_potential: bool = False

Record cell potential.

Counter electrode vs ground.

record_we_potential

record_we_potential: bool = False

Record applied working electrode potential.

Reference electrode vs ground.

record_forward_and_reverse_currents

record_forward_and_reverse_currents: bool = False

Record forward and reverse currents